We prioritize Community Participatory Research [CPR]

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT

CARE’s Research and Development team is data-driven and equity-centered. CARE is using evidence-based thought leadership that advances equity and reform for marginalized communities at the intersection of animal well-being and social justice.

Our Method For Change

Why is Research Important? Understanding the root causes of our challenges often provides a pathway to solutions. Unfortunately, little research has been done within BIPOC communities to asses whether or not traditional Animal Welfare polices cause harm to underserve communities.

The lack of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color [BIPOC] in the Animal Protection field means that millions of BIPOC Americans live under policies and laws that affect them and their four-legged family members with virtually no representation.

Some things to keep in mind:

“Minorities in general and African Americans, in particular, are still virtually invisible in all aspects of organized animal protection.” ~ Society and Animals Due to the lack of representation in the Animal Welfare and Protection field, there is scant research literature on racial disparities within the field. 

Harvard project Diversity Results

More about R&D

Since CARE’s founding in 2020, we’ve made important strides to undo the erasure BIPOC communities suffer within the Animal Protection field. Aside from the lack of representation in the field identified by Dr. Brown in 2005 and CARE in 2020, CARE has discovered a considerable amount of Unconscious Bias within the field as well [See results below]. The question CARE is now attempting to answer, is whether the field’s unconscious bias influences policy making, Animal Control Laws, and Pet Adoptions.

 

CARE is using evidence-based thought leadership that advances equity and reform for marginalized communities at the intersection of animal well-being and social justice. Our approach offsets the lack of research focused on BIPOC communities and their pets. The historic absence of insights into BIPOC pet companionship has allowed prejudices to remain unchecked and too often leads to critical resources not being provided to communities in need. Or, resources being delivered without a high degree of cultural competence.

 

Articles, Papers, and projects. 

The Los Angeles Human & Animal Well-being (HAW) Participatory Research Study Focus group abstract

CPR Partners

Abstract
The Los Angeles Human and Animal Well-being (HAW) study focuses on collecting and analyzing data to support community-driven solutions to human and animal well-being issues within marginalized communities in Los Angeles, CA. As part of this effort, semi-structured focus groups were conducted with 27 Los Angeles pet owners to understand the priorities and barriers around human and animal well-being services and resources in Los Angeles. The audio-recorded focus groups were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using an inductive approach. The researchers engaged in an open coding process and conducted a thematic analysis of the focus group data. Key findings of the focus groups included: pets are seen as family members and positively impact mental health and well-being; there are many challenges related to housing (lack of pet-friendly housing, pet and child discrimination, breed/size restrictions, expensive pet deposits/fees, fear of losing housing, lack of access to information about tenant rights, tensions with neighbors about pets, power of landlords, proof of income/financial requirements, negative assumptions about pets, lack of services in SROs [single room occupancy housing]); there is a lack of access to green spaces and parks; there are multiple barriers to obtaining human and animal well-being services and resources; many have experienced different forms of judgment, stigmatization and discrimination from service providers; there is a lack of trust in service providers because of broken promises; there is a desire for more trauma-informed service providers; proximate leaders, family, and the internet are viewed as trusted sources of support; and community care or mutual aid is often used because of a lack of accessible services. The community-specific priorities related to human and animal well-being in Los Angeles include: dog parks, green spaces, community involvement, safer, respectful, and clean communities, affordable pet care, low-cost veterinary care, mobile or pop-up clinics, more pet stores, grocery stores, and doctor’s offices, responsible pet ownership, accessible and low-cost housing,  access to information, support for unhoused people with pets, ethical animal rescue organizations, and consistent/reliable services. These findings  will be used to inform the development and implementation of equitable, accessible, and community-led solutions that improve the quality of life for both people and their pets in Los Angeles.

The Philadelphia Human & Animal Well-being (HAW) Participatory Research Study Focus group abstract

CPR Partners

Abstract
The Philadelphia Human and Animal Well-being (HAW) study focuses on collecting and analyzing data to support community-driven solutions to human and animal well-being issues within marginalized communities in Philadelphia, PA. As part of this effort, semi-structured focus groups were conducted with 23 Philadelphia pet owners in April 2024 to understand the priorities and barriers around human and animal well-being services and resources in Philadelphia. The audio-recorded focus groups were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using an inductive approach. The researchers engaged in an open coding process and conducted a thematic analysis of the focus group data. Key findings of the focus groups included: pets are an integral part of family structures and provide significant mental, physical, and social health support; there are multiple barriers to obtaining human and animal well-being services and information; community members have experienced judgment and discrimination from service providers based on appearance, economic status, and pet breed/size; and proximate leaders, friends, and family are viewed as trusted sources of support. The community-specific priorities for human and animal well-being in Philadelphia, include: dog parks, public pet amenities, cat spaces, trash disposal, end-of-life pet care, pet food, cat litter, pet care information, low-cost veterinary care, culturally responsive providers, stray/free-roaming animal solutions, youth programs, diapers and wipes, libraries, mental health support, substance use support, and older adult support. These findings will inform the development and implementation of equitable, accessible, and community-led solutions that improve the quality of life for both people and their pets in Philadelphia.

Racial Disparities in Animal Welfare Exploratory Study

Principal Investigators: Michael J. Blackwell and Linda Daugherty, University of Tennessee, Program for Pet Health Equity

 

 

The much-anticipated findings from the Racial Disparities in Animal Welfare study, conducted by the University of Tennessee-Knoxville’s Program for Pet Health Equity are now available. There are several key findings in this report that can inform next steps towards advancing racial equity in animal welfare. And yet there is much more to be done to ensure that policy and practice solutions are robust, implemented consistently, and continuously refined. We hope this study inspires ongoing commitment and action towards racial equity in human and animal wellbeing.
 
 
Thanks to Maddie’s Fund and PetSmart Charities for their support of this important work! #thankstomaddie

Measuring Bias in the Animal Welfare Field /Harvard Implicit Bias Study

Top Line Results
In the aggregate, participants showed an implicit preference for White people over Black people, Non-Hispanic people over Hispanic people, and rich people over poor people. These results stood in contrast to Self-reported preferences for Black people over White people, Hispanic people over Non-Hispanic people, and poor people over rich people.

[Download the full study here]

Decolonizing Animal Welfare Through a Social Justice Framework

A peer reviewed article

Discussion [Excerpt]:

“We argue animal welfare must build authentic relationships with intersectional BIPOC communities to holistically address the challenges that impact these communities and their pets. In essence, this work requires the disruption of the status quo within animal welfare to benefit pets within marginalized communities.”
– Rudd & Jenkins

[Read the full Peered Reviewed article: Frontiers in Veterinarian Medicine]

Community Participatory Research (CPR):Little Earth of United Tribes Companion Pet Census Study 2021

Study Description:
This survey study seeks to strengthen the quality of resources and services to the Little Earth of United Tribes community using Community Participatory Research (CPR) practices. Survey questions were crafted with input from a tribal representative to identify the needs and experiences of tribal pets and their families. Little Earth’s Proximate Leaders serve as CARE’s point of contact for this study. CARE supported each household that responded to the survey with incentives. The survey serves to inform approaches that best support the participating tribal community.

Bowling Green Human and Companion Animal Natural Disaster Impact Study

Study Description:
The study assesses the experiences, barriers, and issues of importance from companion animal owners of color living in Bowling Green, Kentucky, who have been affected by December 2021 tornados. In partnership with CARE’s Environmental Justice Division, we seek to help identify how to prevent and combat the unwanted effects of natural disaster scenarios. 

CARE’S RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT STAFF

The Animal Welfare field [Animal Protection field] tends to focus on animals only, versus Human and Animal Well-being collectively, Insight on how the field affects current and potential BIPOC pet parents is crucially needed to inform better future impacts. CARE is committed to fostering positive outcomes for communities of color. To that end, we seek data that illustrates the industry’s impact on diverse communities all over the U.S., and that task requires a dynamic and experienced research team.

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